Eligibility for a dual pension
Citizens of Ukraine who have been employed both in their home country and in Poland are entitled to pension payments from both states under certain circumstances. This possibility is established by an international social security agreement in force between the two countries.
The Polish Social Insurance Institution (ZUS) has published an explanation of the rules under which foreigners may claim a pension. It is specifically noted that the conditions for Ukrainians differ from those applicable to Russian citizens, due to different international agreements.
Accounting for work history and absence of special privileges
ZUS emphasised that Ukrainian citizens do not have any pension privileges compared to Poles or Belarusians. However, the calculation mechanism for them differs from the rules for Russians due to the specifics of international treaties in the field of social protection.
The agreement in force between Poland and Ukraine allows periods of employment in both countries to be taken into account when determining the right to a pension. Each state pays its share of the pension benefit in proportion to the insurance periods completed on its territory. Thus, a person who first worked in Ukraine and then became employed in Poland may receive payments from both states, provided all requirements are met.
Factors affecting the amount of payments
Having Ukrainian citizenship in itself is not grounds for the award of an increased pension in Poland. The final amount of the payment is determined taking into account the insurance contributions paid, the total length of service, and other parameters defined by current legislation.
Therefore, the ability to aggregate periods of work in Ukraine and Poland is a tool for establishing the right to a pension, but it does not guarantee an automatic increase in payments.
Statistics on Ukrainian employment
According to Polish statistics, as of the end of the first quarter of 2026, almost 784,000 Ukrainian citizens were officially working in Poland. This category accounted for approximately 68% of all registered foreign workers in the country.
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